According to analysis of the National Study of the Changing Workforce, small business owners, 50 or older, followed closely by self-employed independents, report that they have greater autonomy on their jobs than wage and salaried employees. Autonomy is defined as "control over the pace, content, and methods of their work" (p. 9, fig. 5)

Bond, T. J., Galinsky, M. E., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., & Smyer, M. (2005). Context matters: Insights about older workers from the national study of the changing workforce. Chestnut Hill, MA: Center on Aging & Work/Workplace Flexibility. Retrieved July 31, 2006 from http://agingandwork.bc.edu/documents/RH01_InsightOlderWorker.pdf
“This report is the first in a series of Research Highlights published by the Center on Aging & Work/Workplace Flexibility in collaboration with the Families and Work Institute that present the findings of in-depth analyses of the Families and Work Institute’s 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce (NSCW). This first issue compares the personal characteristics, employment experiences, and attitudes of workers, 50 or more years old, who are wage and salaried employees, independent self-employed workers, and small business owners…The National Study of the Changing Workforce (NSCW) is conducted every five years. It surveys large samples of the U.S. workforce to collect information about both the work and personal lives of U.S. workers.”
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